Dense optical wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is a combination of a group of optical wavelengths for transmission with a single fiber. This is a laser technology used to increase bandwidth on existing fiber backbone networks. More precisely, this technique is to multiplex the close spectral spacing of a single fiber carrier in a specified fiber in order to utilize the transmission performance that can be achieved (for example, to achieve the minimum degree of dispersion or attenuation ). In this way, under a given information transmission capacity, the total number of optical fibers required can be reduced.